<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/CTPb7etzOmA" class="youtube-player" width="740" height="416.418" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
The essential information about FCC and CE explained. Thank you very much Clemens Mayer.
    </div>


    <div class="blog-content-chapters">
        <div>
            Chapters:
        </div>
        <ul class="chapters-list">
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:00</span><span class="chapters-text">What is this video about</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">01:28</span><span class="chapters-text">Why is this topic important?</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">04:05</span><span class="chapters-text">Overview of the video</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">06:29</span><span class="chapters-text">What the FCC considers a module</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">10:37</span><span class="chapters-text">Difference between FCC and CE</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">22:50</span><span class="chapters-text">Where to find compliance documents and standards</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">28:11</span><span class="chapters-text">How to know which certification your product needs</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">33:46</span><span class="chapters-text">Lab report vs. Declaration of conformity</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">38:30</span><span class="chapters-text">Sub-assemblies</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">43:10</span><span class="chapters-text">Steps to EU compliance</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">45:27</span><span class="chapters-text">Self-certification</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">47:04</span><span class="chapters-text">Misuse of CE marking</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">51:07</span><span class="chapters-text">Costs</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">52:02</span><span class="chapters-text">How to obtain CE marking</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">57:07</span><span class="chapters-text">Pre-compliance testing</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:00:56</span><span class="chapters-text">When does a module make sense?</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:07:24</span><span class="chapters-text">Compliance is more than RED and EMC</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:14:15</span><span class="chapters-text">Own pre-compliance setup</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:17:03</span><span class="chapters-text">Example: Arduino compatible Devkit with ESP32</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:30:03</span><span class="chapters-text">Example: Bluetooth connected action camera</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:34:46</span><span class="chapters-text">Example: Long range Wifi Door Alarm</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:37:30</span><span class="chapters-text">Example: Dancing Robot Kit</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:45:21</span><span class="chapters-text">How to figure it out for your product</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:49:04</span><span class="chapters-text">Who can help with certification</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:56:03</span><span class="chapters-text">How Smander can help</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">2:00:49</span><span class="chapters-text">Outro</span></li>
    </div>


    
    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/mayermakes/">Clemens´ LinkedIn</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://smander.com/">Clemens´ company</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://early.smander.com/individual-consultation-session/">Consultation</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/product-requirements/labels-markings/ce-marking/">CE marking</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf1XeGQZQfP1SK2IIJJ2RDUrI0G2zy0QehDHxjHA2EUdNwUlQ/viewform">FEDEVEL Community Membership</a></li>
            
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://fedevel.com/courses">FEDEVEL Online courses</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://discord.com/invite/8a8dUcHmrx">Ask questions on our FEDEVEL Discord</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

Everyone designing PCB boards needs to watch this - Certification ( FCC & CE )

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/haal5n355PQ" class="youtube-player" width="740" height="416.418" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
Explaining process of making chips. Thank you very much Heather Richardson.
    </div>


    <div class="blog-content-chapters">
        <div>
            Chapters:
        </div>
        <ul class="chapters-list">
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:00</span><span class="chapters-text">What is this video about</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">01:37</span><span class="chapters-text">Silicon and wafers</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">05:09</span><span class="chapters-text">The process</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">06:59</span><span class="chapters-text">Doping</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">10:06</span><span class="chapters-text">Making an inverter</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">14:17</span><span class="chapters-text">Gate oxide</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">17:16</span><span class="chapters-text">Source and drain regions</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">18:45</span><span class="chapters-text">Why analog chips are harder to build</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">26:16</span><span class="chapters-text">Connecting transistors</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">32:14</span><span class="chapters-text">PDK - Process Design Kit</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">38:39</span><span class="chapters-text">Steps of designing chip</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">43:38</span><span class="chapters-text">Parameterized cells</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">48:24</span><span class="chapters-text">How long does chip manufacturing take</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">55:11</span><span class="chapters-text">How much does it cost</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:04:26</span><span class="chapters-text">Foundries (Factories manufacturing chips)</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:07:52</span><span class="chapters-text">Reticle</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:13:50</span><span class="chapters-text">Capacitors and resistors</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:18:56</span><span class="chapters-text">US and global IC manufacturing</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:23:28</span><span class="chapters-text">Why is it expensive to build and run chip factory</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">1:28:38</span><span class="chapters-text">About Heather</span></li>
    </div>


    
    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/heather-electric/">Heather's LinkedIn</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf1XeGQZQfP1SK2IIJJ2RDUrI0G2zy0QehDHxjHA2EUdNwUlQ/viewform">FEDEVEL Community Membership</a></li>
            
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://fedevel.com/courses">FEDEVEL Online courses</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://discord.com/invite/8a8dUcHmrx">Ask questions on our FEDEVEL Discord</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

How Are Chips Manufactured?

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SMmTsU6edVQ" class="youtube-player" width="740" height="416.418" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
This video explains how to calculate and choose output capacitor for switching power supplies. Thank you very much Ali Shirsavar.
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-chapters">
        <div>
            Chapters:
        </div>
        <ul class="chapters-list">
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:00</span><span class="chapters-text">What is this video about</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">00:22</span><span class="chapters-text">Why do we need output capacitor?</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">06:03</span><span class="chapters-text">Measurement: Voltage dip and ripple on output voltage</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">08:23</span><span class="chapters-text">Calculating capacitor value to meet voltage dip requirement</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">13:58</span><span class="chapters-text">Calculating ceramic capacitor value to meet ripple requirements</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">22:12</span><span class="chapters-text">Measuring ripple on ceramic capacitor</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">28:30</span><span class="chapters-text">Measuring ripple on electrolytic capacitor</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">31:14</span><span class="chapters-text">Calculating maximum ESR of electrolytic capacitor to meet ripple requirements</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">37:51</span><span class="chapters-text">Finding the right capacitor</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">43:24</span><span class="chapters-text">Capacitance of ceramic capacitor drops with DC voltage (DC Bias)</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">45:12</span><span class="chapters-text">Ali's software</span></li>
            <li class="chapters-list-item"><span class="chapters-time">46:40</span><span class="chapters-text">About Ali</span></li>
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/ali-shirsavar-661696b/">Ali´s LinkedIn</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://biricha.com/workshops/">Ali´s company and workshops</a></li>

            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="https://fedevel.com/courses">FEDEVEL Online courses</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

How to Calculate the Output Capacitor for a Switching Power Supply? It's simple. Explained here...

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="blog-content">
        DDR3 mirroring is a feature of memory controller.<br><br>

        See the following text from <a href="http://www.jedec.org/sites/default/files/docs/4_20_19R20.pdf">DDR3 SDRAM Unbuffered DIMM Design Specification</a> (JEDEC website – Registration is required, page 17).<br><br>

        <i>Following pins are being mirrored: A3<->A4, A5<->A6, A7<->A8, BA0<->BA1.<br><br>

        “Since the cross-wired pins have no secondary functions, there is no problem in normal operation. Any data written is read the same way. There are limitations however. When writing to the internal registers with a “load mode” operation, the specific address is required. This requires the controller to know if the rank is mirrored or not. This requires a few rules. Mirroring is done on 2 rank modules and can only be done on the second rank. There is not a requirement that the second rank be mirrored. There is a bit assignment in the SPD that indicates whether the module has been designed with the mirrored feature or not. See the DDR3 UDIMM SPD specification for these details. The controller must read the SPD and have the capability of de-mirroring the address when accessing the second rank.”</i>
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/8ea2f-ddr3_mirroring_pcb_layout.jpg" alt="DDR3_mirroring_PCB_layout" />
    </div>

    <div class="blog-content-text">
        To confirm this, have a look on the following pictures from <a href="http://www.jedec.org/sites/default/files/docs/design/DDR3/PC3_12800_UDIMM_V07_RC_B0_20070529.zip">PC3-12800 UDIMM</a> layout where I have selected A8 signal:
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/b9f76-ddr3_mirroring_top_and_bottom_layout.jpg" alt="DDR3_mirroring_top_and_bottom_layout" />
    </div>
    
    <div class="blog-content-text">
        <i>Details of A8 Top and Bottom Layer:</i>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/b37e2-ddr3_mirroring_top_layout1.jpg" alt="DDR3_mirroring_top_layout" />
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/47294-ddr3_mirroring_bottom_layout.jpg" alt="DDR3_mirroring_bottom_layout" />
    </div>
    
    <div class="blog-content-text">
        <i>Screenshot from schematic for D1 and D9:</i>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content-img-wrapper">
        <img src="https://assets.fedevel.com/blog/2019/10/9bb0b-ddr3_mirroring_schematic.jpg" alt="DDR3_mirroring_schematic" />
    </div>


    <div class="blog-content-text">
        Components D1 and D9 are listed in the BOM with same part number.
    </div>

   
    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="http://www.jedec.org/sites/default/files/docs/4_20_19R20.pdf">DDR3 SDRAM Unbuffered DIMM Design Specification</a></li>
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="http://www.jedec.org/sites/default/files/docs/design/DDR3/PC3_12800_UDIMM_V07_RC_B0_20070529.zip">PC3-12800 UDIMM</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>

DDR3 memory mirroring – PCB layout

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SxeW_-UcZqk" class="youtube-player" width="740" height="416.418" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
        This video explains how to generate a STEP file (3D output) from Altium Designer. It also explains how to add mounting holes into the 3D model.
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content-links">
        <div>
            Links:
        </div>
        <ul class="links-list">
            <li class="links-list-item"><a href="http://www.cadexchanger.com/">3D CAD software from this video (CAD Exchanger)</a></li>
        </ul>
    </div>  
</div>


Altium Designer – Generating 3D CAD File

<div class="entry-content">
    <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><span class="embed-youtube" style="text-align:center; display: block;"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/QlNgoS3SEME" class="youtube-player" width="740" height="416.418" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span>
    </div>
    <div class="blog-content">
        This video explains how to do differential pair routing and how to setup rules for different impedances in Altium Designer PCB layout.
    </div>
</div>


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Everyone designing PCB boards needs to watch this - Certification ( FCC & CE )

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How to Calculate the Output Capacitor for a Switching Power Supply? It's simple. Explained here...

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